When we talk about artificial intelligence, we tend to think of algorithms, GPUs, and large data centers, but we rarely think about how those centers are actually connected to each other and to users. In this presentation, we’ll take a simple look at the role submarine cables play in that chain and why they’re a key component in making the cloud, digital services, and AI work.

We will also trace the data path across continents—particularly between Europe and the United States—to understand what happens beyond the data center building and why resilience, route diversity, and international connectivity are just as important as power, cooling, and computing capacity.